What Pass rating (Off − Def) is

Passer rating minus passer rating allowed. The traditional formula on both sides of the ball, completion-weighted both ways.

Higher is better. It is a rate, so a team's number does not grow with games played. Source: P.

In 2023 the 49ers led at 28.90; the league average was -2.05.

League snapshot — 2023

League leader

SF · 28.90

League average

-2.05

Best to worst

56.00

All 32 teams, higher is better.

Rank	Team	Value	Games
1	SF	28.90	17
2	BAL	25.80	17
3	DAL	22.00	17
4	NO	13.50	17
5	BUF	9.20	17
6	MIA	6.80	17
7	DET	5.20	17
8	KC	4.80	17
9	HOU	3.30	17
10	TB	0.50	17
11	LAR	0.30	17
12	GB	0.00	17
13	CIN	-0.90	17
14	JAX	-2.20	17
15	PIT	-2.20	17
16	CLE	-3.10	17
17	SEA	-3.30	17
18	DEN	-3.80	17
19	NYG	-4.40	17
20	IND	-4.80	17
21	MIN	-5.00	17
22	LAC	-6.90	17
23	CHI	-8.50	17
24	NYJ	-8.60	17
25	PHI	-10.20	17
26	LV	-11.40	17
27	ATL	-11.80	17
28	NE	-15.50	17
29	TEN	-17.00	17
30	CAR	-17.20	17
31	ARI	-22.10	17
32	WAS	-27.10	17

At a glance — 2023

Where the 32 teams sit on this stat this season.

League leader

SF · 28.90

League laggard

WAS · -27.10

League average

-2.05

Spread (max − min)

56.00

Rank	Team	Value	Δ vs avg	Percentile
1	SF	28.90	30.95	100%
2	BAL	25.80	27.85	96.8%
3	DAL	22.00	24.05	93.5%
4	NO	13.50	15.55	90.3%
5	BUF	9.20	11.25	87.1%
6	MIA	6.80	8.85	83.9%
7	DET	5.20	7.25	80.6%
8	KC	4.80	6.85	77.4%
9	HOU	3.30	5.35	74.2%
10	TB	0.50	2.55	71%
11	LAR	0.30	2.35	67.7%
12	GB	0.00	2.05	64.5%
13	CIN	-0.90	1.15	61.3%
14	JAX	-2.20	-0.15	58.1%
15	PIT	-2.20	-0.15	54.8%
16	CLE	-3.10	-1.05	51.6%
17	SEA	-3.30	-1.25	48.4%
18	DEN	-3.80	-1.75	45.2%
19	NYG	-4.40	-2.35	41.9%
20	IND	-4.80	-2.75	38.7%
21	MIN	-5.00	-2.95	35.5%
22	LAC	-6.90	-4.85	32.3%
23	CHI	-8.50	-6.45	29%
24	NYJ	-8.60	-6.55	25.8%
25	PHI	-10.20	-8.15	22.6%
26	LV	-11.40	-9.35	19.4%
27	ATL	-11.80	-9.75	16.1%
28	NE	-15.50	-13.45	12.9%
29	TEN	-17.00	-14.95	9.7%
30	CAR	-17.20	-15.15	6.5%
31	ARI	-22.10	-20.05	3.2%
32	WAS	-27.10	-25.05	0%

Does Pass rating (Off − Def) matter against the spread?

Run as a one-stat algorithm against the closing line, this stat went 948–630–37 ATS (60.1%) across 2020–2025, #9 of 296 ranked.

Its best season was 2024 (163–100, 62.0%); its worst 2023 (146–112, 56.6%).

For picks, this is a strong signal. One stat is not a recipe — the algorithms combine many.

Season	Games	ATS record	ATS %
2020	256	155–99–2	61.0%
2021	272	167–103–2	61.9%
2022	271	157–107–7	59.5%
2023	272	146–112–14	56.6%
2024	272	163–100–9	62.0%
2025	272	160–109–3	59.5%

Pass rating (Off − Def) in 2023 vs 2022

49ers lead at 28.90 — they ranked #2 last year. Commanders are last at -27.10 — #22 last year.

The league average is -2.05, up 0.12 from -2.18 last year.

Biggest riser: Ravens, #21 → #2. Biggest faller: Eagles, #3 → #25.

Spread between first and last: 56.00; 23 teams are within 12.44 of the average.

Year-over-year — 2023 vs 2022

Biggest movers from last season.

Biggest riser

BAL · +33.40

Biggest faller

PHI · −25.60

Most consistent

CLE · −0.70

League trend 2023 vs 2022

▲ 0.12

Rank	Team	2023	2022	Δ
1	BAL	25.80	-7.60	+33.40
2	DAL	22.00	1.90	+20.10
3	IND	-4.80	-19.90	+15.10
4	LAR	0.30	-11.60	+11.90
5	HOU	3.30	-8.00	+11.30
6	SF	28.90	18.00	+10.90
7	CHI	-8.50	-18.30	+9.80
8	MIA	6.80	-2.10	+8.90
9	PIT	-2.20	-9.90	+7.70
10	NO	13.50	7.60	+5.90
11	TB	0.50	-3.80	+4.30
12	LV	-11.40	-13.90	+2.50
13	DET	5.20	4.00	+1.20
14	DEN	-3.80	-4.90	+1.10
15	CLE	-3.10	-2.40	−0.70
16	ARI	-22.10	-21.20	−0.90
17	NYJ	-8.60	-7.60	−1.00
18	CAR	-17.20	-15.80	−1.40
19	ATL	-11.80	-10.30	−1.50
20	GB	0.00	1.60	−1.60
21	BUF	9.20	12.50	−3.30
22	KC	4.80	8.20	−3.40
23	NYG	-4.40	-1.00	−3.40
24	MIN	-5.00	-0.60	−4.40
25	JAX	-2.20	3.40	−5.60
26	TEN	-17.00	-10.60	−6.40
27	LAC	-6.90	4.10	−11.00
28	SEA	-3.30	10.10	−13.40
29	NE	-15.50	2.00	−17.50
30	WAS	-27.10	-7.90	−19.20
31	CIN	-0.90	19.00	−19.90
32	PHI	-10.20	15.40	−25.60

Multi-year context

7-year window (2020–2026)

Multi-year leader

BUF · 12.77

Multi-year laggard

NYJ · -14.29

Biggest improver

JAX · +7.15/yr

Biggest decliner

MIA · −6.40/yr

Rank	Team	Avg	Slope/yr	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025	2026
1	BUF	12.77	−3.13	19.50	25.00	12.50	9.20	7.00	22.30	-6.10
2	GB	12.33	−1.58	28.90	19.00	1.60	0.00	10.20	7.90	18.70
3	SF	11.33	+3.02	-0.60	0.40	18.00	28.90	-0.40	-2.90	35.90
4	SEA	9.80	+1.96	12.50	6.20	10.10	-3.30	-2.00	18.40	26.70
5	BAL	9.64	+5.12	6.60	-17.10	-7.60	25.80	26.90	4.20	28.70
6	KC	8.51	+0.30	16.90	5.20	8.20	4.80	0.60	-5.50	29.40
7	MIN	5.84	+1.39	5.90	8.80	-0.60	-5.00	17.90	-13.90	27.80
8	LAR	5.53	+0.99	6.80	16.00	-11.60	0.30	-3.90	21.00	10.10
9	CIN	5.49	+1.62	-12.90	10.80	19.00	-0.90	14.90	-9.90	17.40
10	NO	2.77	−4.95	19.30	3.60	7.60	13.50	-1.30	-5.20	-18.10
11	DET	2.57	+5.55	-21.20	-14.90	4.00	5.20	28.80	11.10	5.00
12	TB	1.13	−3.23	7.50	15.10	-3.80	0.50	8.40	-9.50	-10.30
13	LAC	1.07	−1.78	4.20	3.00	4.10	-6.90	12.10	12.20	-21.20
14	PIT	0.71	−0.70	16.00	-4.90	-9.90	-2.20	4.50	0.20	1.30
15	NE	-0.21	+0.22	-10.40	20.30	2.00	-15.50	-14.70	18.20	-1.40
16	HOU	-0.27	+2.16	0.40	-11.40	-8.00	3.30	-0.70	11.80	2.70
17	PHI	-0.50	+4.86	-32.30	-7.80	15.40	-10.20	17.90	19.30	-5.80
18	DEN	-1.33	+3.08	-21.30	4.70	-4.90	-3.80	6.50	8.10	1.40
19	DAL	-2.16	−4.66	-12.80	27.10	1.90	22.00	-17.20	-12.80	-23.30
20	JAX	-5.64	+7.15	-23.40	-30.30	3.40	-2.20	-22.30	10.80	24.50
21	MIA	-8.29	−6.40	2.70	-1.90	-2.10	6.80	3.30	-20.20	-46.60
22	LV	-8.56	−1.47	3.90	-4.20	-13.90	-11.40	-16.20	-18.70	0.60
23	CLE	-8.61	−1.65	0.40	-7.20	-2.40	-3.10	-29.80	-22.60	4.40
24	IND	-9.69	−3.61	4.40	1.20	-19.90	-4.80	-21.90	3.00	-29.80
25	NYG	-10.60	+2.07	-16.10	-20.80	-1.00	-4.40	-27.40	-8.10	3.60
26	ATL	-11.33	−0.24	-9.50	-12.80	-10.30	-11.80	-15.20	-3.10	-16.60
27	ARI	-11.41	−3.79	1.30	4.70	-21.20	-22.10	-3.20	-7.50	-31.90
28	WAS	-11.91	−0.78	-3.60	-17.30	-7.90	-27.10	6.50	-20.30	-13.70
29	CAR	-12.39	+4.58	-12.80	-28.80	-15.80	-17.20	-25.10	-2.40	15.40
30	TEN	-13.47	−6.05	6.90	1.00	-10.60	-17.00	-16.80	-32.90	-24.90
31	CHI	-13.49	+1.75	-10.20	-31.10	-18.30	-8.50	-7.50	-1.90	-16.90
32	NYJ	-14.29	+4.44	-30.00	-30.10	-7.60	-8.60	0.90	-39.30	14.70

Multi-year heatmap

32 teams across 7 seasons. Cells colored by quintile within each season; click a column header to jump to that year.

Team	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025	2026
SF	-0.60	0.40	18.00	28.90	-0.40	-2.90	35.90
BAL	6.60	-17.10	-7.60	25.80	26.90	4.20	28.70
DAL	-12.80	27.10	1.90	22.00	-17.20	-12.80	-23.30
NO	19.30	3.60	7.60	13.50	-1.30	-5.20	-18.10
BUF	19.50	25.00	12.50	9.20	7.00	22.30	-6.10
MIA	2.70	-1.90	-2.10	6.80	3.30	-20.20	-46.60
DET	-21.20	-14.90	4.00	5.20	28.80	11.10	5.00
KC	16.90	5.20	8.20	4.80	0.60	-5.50	29.40
HOU	0.40	-11.40	-8.00	3.30	-0.70	11.80	2.70
TB	7.50	15.10	-3.80	0.50	8.40	-9.50	-10.30
LAR	6.80	16.00	-11.60	0.30	-3.90	21.00	10.10
GB	28.90	19.00	1.60	0.00	10.20	7.90	18.70
CIN	-12.90	10.80	19.00	-0.90	14.90	-9.90	17.40
JAX	-23.40	-30.30	3.40	-2.20	-22.30	10.80	24.50
PIT	16.00	-4.90	-9.90	-2.20	4.50	0.20	1.30
CLE	0.40	-7.20	-2.40	-3.10	-29.80	-22.60	4.40
SEA	12.50	6.20	10.10	-3.30	-2.00	18.40	26.70
DEN	-21.30	4.70	-4.90	-3.80	6.50	8.10	1.40
NYG	-16.10	-20.80	-1.00	-4.40	-27.40	-8.10	3.60
IND	4.40	1.20	-19.90	-4.80	-21.90	3.00	-29.80
MIN	5.90	8.80	-0.60	-5.00	17.90	-13.90	27.80
LAC	4.20	3.00	4.10	-6.90	12.10	12.20	-21.20
CHI	-10.20	-31.10	-18.30	-8.50	-7.50	-1.90	-16.90
NYJ	-30.00	-30.10	-7.60	-8.60	0.90	-39.30	14.70
PHI	-32.30	-7.80	15.40	-10.20	17.90	19.30	-5.80
LV	3.90	-4.20	-13.90	-11.40	-16.20	-18.70	0.60
ATL	-9.50	-12.80	-10.30	-11.80	-15.20	-3.10	-16.60
NE	-10.40	20.30	2.00	-15.50	-14.70	18.20	-1.40
TEN	6.90	1.00	-10.60	-17.00	-16.80	-32.90	-24.90
CAR	-12.80	-28.80	-15.80	-17.20	-25.10	-2.40	15.40
ARI	1.30	4.70	-21.20	-22.10	-3.20	-7.50	-31.90
WAS	-3.60	-17.30	-7.90	-27.10	6.50	-20.30	-13.70

Pass rating (Off − Def) since 2018

Leaders since 2018: 2018 Bears (21.00), 2019 Ravens (30.30), 2020 Packers (28.90), 2021 Cowboys (27.10), 2022 Bengals (19.00), 2023 49ers (28.90).

The best season on record is Ravens 2019 at 30.30; the worst Eagles 2020 at -32.30.

The league average has risen from -2.44 in 2018 to -2.05 in 2023.

Distribution

How the 32 teams cluster for 2023.

About this stat

Stat ID: net_pass_rating
Side: net
Family: NET (Off − Def)
Data source: P only
Polarity: higher is better (or neutral)
Display grain: rate
Algorithm eligibility: Algorithm-eligible: this stat can be picked in the Algorithm Builder.